Robotics and sensor networks in smart factory systems rely heavily on advanced connector technologies. M12 circular connectors are particularly well-suited for robotic arms due to their compactness, flexibility, and ability to manage high-speed data transfer and power delivery. For instance, M12 connectors often feature multiple coding types, such as A coding for signal transmission, D coding for Ethernet, and X coding for high-speed data. These variations make them adaptable to the diverse needs of robotic applications, from controlling arm movements to facilitating real-time communication with external systems. Similarly, when deployed in sensor networks, M12 connectors ensure accurate data collection and transmission from sensors to control units. Their IP-rated sealing, commonly ranging from IP67 to even IP69K, provides an airtight seal that protects against contaminants like dust and water, making them indispensable for harsh industrial environments.